{"id":10014,"date":"2026-04-13T15:53:59","date_gmt":"2026-04-13T15:53:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/deliry.com\/?p=10014"},"modified":"2026-06-06T19:57:11","modified_gmt":"2026-06-06T19:57:11","slug":"fonge-champignons-et-lichens","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/deliry.com\/?p=10014","title":{"rendered":"Fonge : Champignons et Lichens, \u00e9tudi\u00e9s par la Mycologie et la Lich\u00e9nologie"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"80\" height=\"98\" src=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Basidio.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10492\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/?page_id=9\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"9\">Accueil des Histoires Naturelles<\/a> &gt; <em><a href=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/?p=9820\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"9820\">Naturae<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>On compte pr\u00e8s de 9720 esp\u00e8ces de Champignons en France, hors Lichens et esp\u00e8ces microscopiques ([2021]).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Champi.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"798\" src=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Champi.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10018\" style=\"width:640px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Champi.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/deliry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Champi-300x239.jpg 300w, https:\/\/deliry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Champi-768x613.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Isle de R\u00e9 (Charente-Maritime), Le Bois-Plage-en-R\u00e9, 1er novembre 2024<br><sup>\u00a9\u00a9 byncsa &#8211; Cyrille Deliry &#8211; Histoires Naturelles<\/sup><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Asques.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"332\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Asques.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10022\" style=\"width:200px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Asques.jpg 332w, https:\/\/deliry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Asques-295x300.jpg 295w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 332px) 100vw, 332px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">(A) Asques et (B) Baside<br><sup>Au microscope<\/sup><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>On distingue principalement parmi les Champignons, les <strong>Ascomyc\u00e8tes<\/strong> dont les spores (en jaune sur le sch\u00e9ma ci-contre) sont rang\u00e9es dans des sacs nomm\u00e9s asques (A) et les <strong>Basidiomyc\u00e8tes<\/strong> o\u00f9 elles sont tenues sur des p\u00e9doncules \u00e0 l&rsquo;ext\u00e9rieur d&rsquo;organes appel\u00e9s basides (B). On trouvera en outre quelques autres Champignons et affines. Les <a href=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/?p=13011\">Myxomyc\u00e8tes<\/a> ne sont pas des Champignons mais des \u00ab\u00a0Protozoaires\u00a0\u00bb. Les <strong>Lichens<\/strong> sont par ailleurs class\u00e9s parmi les Champignons bien que form\u00e9s d&rsquo;une alliance symbiotique stabilis\u00e9e entre un Champignon et une Algue ou une Bact\u00e9rie chlorophyllienne. On en comptait en 2021, 3146 esp\u00e8ces en France. Ce sont des Ascomyc\u00e8tes et parfois des Basidiomyc\u00e8tes associ\u00e9s \u00e0 une algue endosymbiotique. On les classe donc parmi les Champignons bien qu&rsquo;ils soient le r\u00e9sultat d&rsquo;une symbiose stabilis\u00e9e avec diverses sortes d&rsquo;Algues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-histoires-naturelles wp-block-embed-histoires-naturelles\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"nETxMzFayc\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/?p=6419\">Listes rouges Flore-Fonge-Faune en Auvergne Rh\u00f4ne-Alpes<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u00ab\u00a0Listes rouges Flore-Fonge-Faune en Auvergne Rh\u00f4ne-Alpes\u00a0\u00bb &#8212; Histoires Naturelles\" src=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/?p=6419&#038;embed=true#?secret=oBPhpvMGn0#?secret=nETxMzFayc\" data-secret=\"nETxMzFayc\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-histoires-naturelles wp-block-embed-histoires-naturelles\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"eWolcjH3dT\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/?p=13011\">Myxomyc\u00e8tes ou Eumyc\u00e9tozoaires<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u00ab\u00a0Myxomyc\u00e8tes ou Eumyc\u00e9tozoaires\u00a0\u00bb &#8212; Histoires Naturelles\" src=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/?p=13011&#038;embed=true#?secret=yWDt1Ktsms#?secret=eWolcjH3dT\" data-secret=\"eWolcjH3dT\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-histoires-naturelles wp-block-embed-histoires-naturelles\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"EKAz4fbVti\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/?p=11485\">Hirticlavula elegans\u00a0Petersen, Davey &amp; L\u00e6ss\u00f8e<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u00ab\u00a0&lt;i&gt;Hirticlavula elegans&lt;\/i&gt;\u00a0Petersen, Davey &amp; L\u00e6ss\u00f8e\u00a0\u00bb &#8212; Histoires Naturelles\" src=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/?p=11485&#038;embed=true#?secret=JcmULpp9FQ#?secret=EKAz4fbVti\" data-secret=\"EKAz4fbVti\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-background\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-e959bfb99f06762e3bf78eab761e40af\" style=\"background:linear-gradient(321deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);font-size:25px\"><em>R\u00e9f\u00e9rences et liens<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Eyssartier G. &amp; Roux P. 2010<\/strong>&nbsp;&#8211; Le guide des champignons. France et Europe. &#8211; Belin \u00e9d.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>L\u00e6ss\u00f8e T. &amp; Petersen J.H. 2019<\/strong>&nbsp;&#8211; Fungi of Temperate Europe. 2 Vol. &#8211; Ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mycofrance.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Mycologique de France<\/a> \u279a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:12px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Agaarv.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Agaarv.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10490\" style=\"width:640px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Agaarv.jpg 800w, https:\/\/deliry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Agaarv-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/deliry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Agaarv-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/deliry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Agaarv-700x465.jpg 700w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Agaricus arvensis <\/em>Schaeffer <em>ex <\/em>Fries &#8211; Agaric des jach\u00e8res<br>Esp\u00e8ce vivant dans les prairies et les endroits d\u00e9couverts<br><sup>\u00a9\u00a9 by &#8211; R.Norton &amp; D.Allen &#8211; Wikimedia commons<\/sup><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Agaaug.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"727\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Agaaug.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12738\" style=\"width:640px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/deliry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Agaaug.jpg 727w, https:\/\/deliry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Agaaug-300x248.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 727px) 100vw, 727px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Agaricus augustus<\/em>&nbsp;Fr. &#8211; Agaric auguste<br>Holarctique. Bois a\u00e9r\u00e9s de feuillus en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral. Et\u00e9-automne.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Accueil des Histoires Naturelles &gt; Naturae On compte pr\u00e8s de &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10026,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[479,537,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10014","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-champignons","category-lichens","category-maintenance"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/deliry.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10014","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/deliry.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/deliry.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deliry.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deliry.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10014"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/deliry.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10014\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13020,"href":"https:\/\/deliry.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10014\/revisions\/13020"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deliry.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10026"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/deliry.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10014"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deliry.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10014"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deliry.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10014"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}